Warm Up 5 is due Wednesday February 18, 2004, at 9:30 am
Remember...look at the lecture notes and do the readings before (or while) doing the Warm Up. You may need to look terms up in the book's glossary or on the CD (or on google!).

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Class Section (1, 2 or 3):
(See Oncourse to determine whether you are in 1= A410, 2 = A411, or 3 = A413)

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The following three questions refer to material you were to read in preparation for class. These questions require you to write a three or four sentence response. It is OK to answer 'I don't know' - but STATE WHY you are confused! (Don't just say 'I don't know' - you probably DO!) Each WarmUp worth 3 points if answered on time and must be submitted via the web. See notes page for prior Warm Ups and student responses.

QUESTION 1: Take a look at Figure 7.12 in your book (p.121). Normally, the mitochondria breaks down sugar (carbohydrate) fragments during the Krebs Cycle and makes ATP energy for cells. If a person is in the extremely low-carb induction phase of an Atkins diet, they are eating lots of protein and fat, and almost no sugar. Yet, the Krebs cycle is producing plenty of ATP energy. Explain how the mitochondria makes ATP energy, even in the absence of sugars, based on Figure 7.12.

QUESTION 2: Anemia is a disease that is caused by abnormally low hemoglobin levels or too few red blood cells. What do you think happens in the body cells of people who are anemic that makes them feel tired and weak? Please read the notes on cellular respiration before answering this question!

QUESTION 3: In the absence of oxygen, yeast cells are able to partially break down sugars, through a process called fermentation. When allowed to ferment sugars in a closed container, the yeast will produce a waste product called ethanol (or alcohol). Humans have figured out how to control this process to make delicious beer or wine. Why do you think that beer and wine, natural products of yeast fermentation, both have an alcohol content of ~8-10%? (Why doesn't the alcohol content get any higher?)

QUESTION 4: Optional: What is CONFUSING to you about photosynthesis and respiration from our lecture material? Any other comments or questions?

You can change your mind as many times as you like before hitting Submit. Print this page before submitting if you want to keep a record of your answers. You will get a confirmation box to let you know that your answers were submitted, and will return to the N100 main page after submitting.