N100 Exam 1 Study Guide
Exam 1 is Monday, February 9, 2004

Format: 50 question, 2 points each, MOSTLY multiple choice, some matching; very few or no T/F (too sneaky for me). There WILL be diagrams from our notes on the test. Virtually ALL test questions will come from the notes. Use your book and CD as a supplement for definitions, clarification, and a great source of potential exam questions (chapter quizzes)!

Study suggestions from Dr. Marrs: Sit down with a paper, pencil, a study partner, a family member or or other willing victim! CAN YOU ANSWER EACH OBJECTIVE (without peeking at the notes)? Keep on practicing until you CAN! You will probably want to arrange your schedule this week so that you can put in at least 3-6 hours studying for this test, about 1 hour per day if possible. Remember: DON'T WAIT FOR THE TEST to find out that you don't understand something! If you don't understand a concept or a definition, e-mail me, go back to the notes, read the text, ask that study partner, look on google!

Characteristics of Life
Objectives: January 12, 2004

Ch 1: Characteristics of Life. Be sure you are able to
1. Explain the major themes of biology
2. List characteristics that distinguish living organisms from non living objects
3. List the levels of chemical / biological organization from simple to complex, and list a structure found at each level

The Scientific Process, The Cell Theory
Objectives: January 14, 2004

1. Know the 'steps' of the scientific method and the science process skills
2. Explain the need for a control group whenever experiments are performed
3. Explain the use of the word 'theory' in the scientific process
4. Explain the 3 tenets of the Cell Theory, and the names of the scientists involved.

Biodiversity: The Three Domains of Life
Objectives: January 14, 2004

1. Explain what is meant by the 'unity' and 'diversity' of life - give examples
2. What are the names of the 3 Domains? Who is Carl Woese and what was his role developing the concept of 3 Domains?
3. Archaea: Distinguish between the three groups. Why are thay called 'extremeophiles'?
4. Bacteria: Distinguish between cyanobacteria and proteobacteria
5. Eukarya: Be able to list the 4 Kingdoms within Eukarya and give 1 representative organisms for each. Be able to describe when various vertebrates first appeared in the fossil record.

Cells and Organelles
Objectives: January 21, 2004

1. Compare and contrast a prokaryotic and a eukaryotic cell in size and internal structure. See TABLE 4.3 for a great summary
2. Identify the essential structures within a eukaryotic cell and describe a function for each, including the nucleus, the rER, and smooth ERm the golgi, the mitochondria, the ribosomes, the cytoskeleton, lysosomes, peroxisomes, and centrioles. =
3. Describe the fluid-mosaic model of the plasma membrane.

Warm Up 1: Cells
Cooperative Learning #2: Features of Eukaryotic cells
Good For 1: Influenza virus

Weird Life: Viruses and Prions
Objectives: January 26 and 28, 2004

1. Describe ways in which viruses share characteristics of living cells.
2. How do viruses replicate? What is meant by the term 'obligate intracellular parasite'?
3. Compare and contrast DNA and RNA viruses - and give 2 examples of each.
4. Describe how the HIV virus causes the destruction of immune cells. How many people worldwide, and in the US, are infected with HIV?
5. What are prions and how do they cause brain diseases? What is a spongiform encephalopathy?
6. How are scrapie, mad cow disease, and vCJD related?
7. What might be the normal function of prion proteins?

Cooperative Learning (non-graded): Pandemic Influenza: Could it happen again?
Cooperative Learning 3: Prions

Macromolecules of Life: Carbohydrates and Lipids
Objectives: January 28 and February 2, 2004

For each of the macromolecules discussed (carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins) make sure you understand in each case:

1. What the monomer is
2. What types of polymers result
3. What the functions of each macromolecule are in cells.

You may want to make one big chart with room for this information as well as for simple sketches.

For today, specifically:

1. Compare and contrast the difference between monosaccharides and disacharides. Make sure you can list a yummy example of each.
2. Compare and contrast the polysaccharides starch and cellulose. How are they alike - and what is their ONE crucial difference? Give examples of foods we eat that contain these macromolecules.
3. How do sugars help our body tell which cells are 'self' and which cells are foreign?
4. Compare and contrast TRI-acylglycerols and DI-acyl glycerols - what is the function of each? How are their structures similar and different? Where are BOTH of these types of molecules made in cells?
5. What is cholesterol and what role does it play in our body's normal functioning?
6. Compare and contrast saturated fat, mono-and poly-unsaturated fat, and trans fat in terms of where they come from and their effects on blood cholesterol.
7. What is Olestra?

Warm Up 2: Prions to Oreos!
Cooperative Learning #4: Exam I Practice test
Good For 2: Cellulases

Molecules of metabolism - Proteins and enzymes
Objectives: February 2 and 4, 2004

For Proteins, make sure you understand:

1. What the monomer is
2. What types of polymers result
3. What the functions of proteins are in cells.
4. The basic structure of an amino acid - 5 parts
5. What is the difference between essential and non-essential amino acids?

You may want to make one big chart with room for this information as well as for simple sketches.
Warm Up 3: Proteins, McDonalds, and questions
Cooperative Learning (non-graded): Finish Exam I Practice test, Table 3.1 = macromolecule summary table
Good For 3: Recombinant Human Insulin